He earned Canadian citizenship in 1973 and became a naturalized United States citizen in 2005. He left Cuba in 1957 to attend the University of Texas at Austin and obtained political asylum in the United States after his four-year student visa expired. As a teenager in the 1950s, Rafael Cruz was beaten by agents of Fulgencio Batista for opposing the Batista regime. Ĭruz's father, Rafael, was born and raised in Cuba, the son of a Canary Islander who immigrated to Cuba as a child. She is of three-quarters Irish and one-quarter Italian descent, and earned an undergraduate degree in mathematics from Rice University in the 1950s. Cruz's mother was born in Wilmington, Delaware. Rafael Edward Cruz was born on December 22, 1970, at Foothills Medical Centre in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, to Eleanor Elizabeth ( née Darragh) Wilson and Rafael Cruz. After the January 2021 Capitol attack, Cruz received widespread political and popular backlash for objecting to the certification of Joe Biden's victory in the 2020 presidential election and giving credence to the false claim that the election was fraudulent. After Trump won the nomination, Cruz initially declined to endorse him, but he became a staunch Trump supporter during his presidency. The competition for the Republican presidential nomination between Cruz and front-runner Donald Trump was deeply acrimonious and characterized by a series of public personal attacks. Despite having only been a senator for two years, he emerged as a serious contender in the Republican primaries. On March 23, 2015, Cruz announced he was running for president. He was reelected in a close Senate race in 2018 against Democratic candidate Beto O'Rourke. In the Senate, he has taken consistently conservative positions on economic and social policy he played a leading role in the 2013 United States federal government shutdown, seeking to force Congress and President Barack Obama to defund the Affordable Care Act. Senate, becoming the first Hispanic-American to serve as a U.S. In 2003, Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott appointed Cruz to serve as Solicitor General, a position he held from 2003 to 2008. A member of the Republican Party, Cruz was the Solicitor General of Texas from 2003 to 2008.Īfter graduating from Princeton University and Harvard Law School, Cruz pursued a career in politics, later working as a policy advisor in the George W. Brief of Brennan Center for Justice at N.Y.Rafael Edward Cruz ( / k r uː z/ born December 22, 1970) is an American politician, attorney, and political commentator serving as the junior United States senator from Texas since 2013.Source: FEC Record - June 2021 April 2019 As a result, the court concluded that because the Commission “failed to demonstrate that the loan-repayment limit serves an interest in preventing quid pro quo corruption, or that the limit is sufficiently tailored to serve this purpose, the loan repayment limit runs afoul of the First Amendment.” The court held that when layered upon the base limits, the loan-repayment limit places an additional restriction on pre-election expenditures and post-election contributions, which intrudes on fundamental rights of speech and association without serving a substantial government interest. Post-election contributions are subject to the same base limits as those made before an election. The court found that the loan repayment limit restricts political speech and association for candidates and their contributors by imposing a constraint on the repayment options available to candidates who choose to make personal loans to their campaigns. Plaintiffs contend that the loan-repayment limit unconstitutionally infringes the First Amendment rights of the Senator, his campaign, and any individuals who might seek to make post-election contributions. That section prohibits campaigns from repaying more than $250,000 in personal loans incurred by the candidate using contributions made after the date of an election. § 30116(j)) violates the First Amendment. On April 1, 2019, Ted Cruz for Senate and Senator Ted Cruz (Plaintiffs) filed suit against the Commission alleging that section 304 of BCRA (52 U.S.C. On June 3, 2021, a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia (the court) ruled that section 304 of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA), which limits the repayment of candidate loans, is unconstitutional.
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